The disease of horse which causes abdominal pain.

 CAUSE

Engorgement with grains, torsion, strangulation, intussusception, diaphragmatic hernia, enteritis, foreign material in colon, increased gut motility, parasitism and poor teeth.

 SYMPTOMS

Abdominal pain. Abdominal distension may develop, increased pulse and respiration rates , absence of urine, flank biting, flank watching, pawing, frequent lying down, kicking at the abdomen, and rolling. Normal gut sounds are absent and replaced by tympanitic sounds.Diagnosis depends upon passing of naso -gastric tube, rectal palpation and abdominocentesis in severe cases.

 TREATMENT

Surgical correction of the lesion. Analgesia, correction of fluid , acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities, gastric decompression via nasogastric intubation, administration of softeners or lubricants.

 CONTROL

Parasite control. Ensure adequate roughage in the diet and good management.