01.       Before introduction of semester system, all Examinations were conducted under Annual System of Examination. The students were evaluated on the basis of marks obtained by them and were placed in First, Second or Third Division under the Old British System of Examination.

02.       The Term System of Examination was introduced at postgraduate level following the American system of education.  The students were awarded letter grade viz. A,B,C,D and F with Quality Point (Q.P.) 4,3,2,1, and 0, respectively, under the block system irrespective to the percentage of marks obtained.

03.      Lastly, introduction of Semester System was approved at all levels i.e. Undergraduate / Postgraduate.  Instructions / statues and regulations regarding to Degrees of D.V.M., Master of Science, Doctor of Philosophy were incorporated in University Calendar Volume- I of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and were applicable also to College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore, as it was integral part up June, 2002.

04.       Under this system it was decided that the grading be fixed according to the marks obtained as under:-

05.       It was further decided that hence forth, the grading system should not be on the existing Block system (as previously used at Postgraduate level) but it should be made progressive according to the marks obtained e.g.

                        Grade D:-         

                        40%  =  1.0          41%  =  1.1          42%  =  1.2          43%  =  1.3

                        44%  =  1.4          45%  =  1.5          46%  =  1.6          47%  =  1.7

                        48%  =  1.8          49%  =  1.9

                        Grade C:           

                        50%  =  2.00   and so on.  

06.        It was also decided that one Credit Course will have total of 20 marks, two credit, three credit, four credit and five credit courses will have 40, 60, 80 and 100 marks, respectively.  No course will carry more than five credits. According to the above noted instructions, a chart was prepared to obtain Quality Point for the marks under one credit, two credit, three credit, four credit and five credit courses.  The principle of 40%, 50%, 65% and 80% having 1, 2, 3 and 4 Quality Point was kept in mind.  The Quality points for the marks in between these limits were interpolated keeping one decimal approximation.  Perhaps this chart was firstly prepared for one credit course only as under:-

Keeping these limits in view the full chart for one credit hours (20 marks) was:-

Quality Points under two, three, four and five credits courses were calculated accordingly by multiplying the values with number of credits.

07.       The Values of Quality Point in between were further interpolated. It may be noted the values of Quality Point after approximation to one decimal place for one credit course when extended (multiplied by No. of credits) to the values for two, three, four and five credit courses inflated them too much leading to incorrect resulting values.

08.     Table - 1 & 2

            Quality Points were calculated using table – 2 based on two decimal places approximation, in place of the table in use with one decimal approximation table – 1. Without understanding the sense of grading system, a zero was added at second decimal place at all places in the same table which was in use with one decimal approximation. This further worsened the situation leading to inflated and incorrect figures.  These figures do not carry the correct sense of progressive grading as was laid down in the Calendar-I of University of the Agriculture, Faisalabad and cannot be interpreted using desk calculator or computer. In the second place, (as indicated in the table – 1 & 2) two different marks are translated / graded in same quality points which is not reasonable, progressive and approved.

(Table 1)    

Followed by the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and was applicable also to the former College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore and University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore

.

Table 2)     

for conversion of Marks in Quality Points(Two decimal place)

Followed by the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and was applicable also to the former College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore and University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore.

09.       The correct factor for calculating the progressive Quality Point for each mark obtained by the student can be obtained by extending the procedure as laid down in the Calendar-I of University  of the Agriculture, Faisalabad for  40% -- 49%  to the percentage of marks further to 50%  to  80%.  These factors are given as Fraction as well as in decimal points.

Factor for converting percentage of marks into Quality Points.

10.          The figures of factor in decimal points are shown upto four decimal places but the calculator / computer will hold it to much larger decimal places not given here. When this factor is multiplied by the number of credit e.g. 5, it will indicate the correct Quality Points desired.  It can be rounded upto two decimal places for the final chart.

11.       Now taking up a specific example of Five Credit Course, the marks obtained by the student exactly correspond to the percentage of marks and factor (given above).  We can work out the Quality Point=  Factor  X   No. of credits.(Table 3) Taking up the example of one credit course, the marks obtained by the student and percentage of marks and factor used for calculating the Quality Points can be picked.(Table 4) Consider the example of two credit course, the marks obtained by the student expressed in percentage do not correspond with the factor given above and have been calculated / interpolated and the Quality Point will be:-      Factor  X  No. of Credit. (Table 5) Similarly, the Quality Points for three and four credit courses have been worked out (Table 6 & 7).  Hence the final table of the Quality Points for One, Two, Three, Four and Five Credit courses (Calculated to two decimal places) have been summarized as

Table 8. (Table 3)                          

Quality Points for Five Credit Course